Every photograph, map and graphic on this site, with its author
and licence. Use the summary to see whose work the collection draws on; use the
per-coin list to trace one particular image — each heading links to that
coin's page. Coin photographs supplied with a lot are credited to the
auction house and, where it took them, to the grading service. Third-party
photographs used to illustrate an essay or to document a coin's earlier
appearance are credited to the photographer or institution, with the licence
they were released under. Where a work has been altered — a map cropped, or a
mint circled — that is stated with the credit.
Sources at a glance
Wikimedia Commons contributors — 185 images
American Numismatic Society — 100 images
JSB Coins (self-made, CC0) — 77 images
British Museum — 59 images
Ancient World Mapping Center, UNC Chapel Hill — 38 images
Classical Numismatic Group (CNG) — 31 images
Bibliothèque nationale de France — 27 images
Münzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin — 26 images
Heritage Auctions — 20 images
William R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (1923) — 8 images
Forum Ancient Coins — 6 images
MARS VLTOR — 2 images
Leu Numismatik — 1 image
What the licences mean
CC BY-SA (172)
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike. Free to reuse, including commercially, as long as the creator is credited and anything built from it carries the same licence.
CC BY-NC (100)
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial. Free to reuse for non-commercial purposes, as long as the creator is credited. The American Numismatic Society's coin photographs come this way.
CC0 (85)
Creative Commons Zero — the 0 is a digit, and means zero rights reserved. The creator has given up copyright entirely: reuse freely, no permission needed and no credit required. The timelines and diagrams drawn for this site are released this way.
CC BY-NC-SA (85)
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Free to reuse for non-commercial purposes, as long as the creator is credited and anything built from it carries the same licence. The British Museum's and Berlin Münzkabinett's coin photographs come this way.
public domain (44)
Copyright has expired or never applied — typically an old map or engraving. Free for anyone to use.
non-commercial (BnF) (27)
The Bibliothèque nationale de France allows free non-commercial reuse of its Gallica images with credit; commercial reuse needs its permission.
CC BY (21)
Creative Commons Attribution. Free to reuse, including commercially, as long as the creator is credited.
Each entry below names the licence for that particular image, and says whether the work was altered.
Reference data
The catalogue entries, museum censuses, weight strips and hoard lists in the "In the Price corpus", "In Crawford" and "In RIC" sections, and the comparison coins they show, come from three databases published by the American Numismatic Society under the Open Database License (ODbL); the museum photographs remain the property of the institutions credited below.
M. J. Price, The Coinage in the Name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus (1991), as published in PELLA
M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (1974), as published in CRRO
The Roman Imperial Coinage (1923–2019), as published in OCRE
related image Image: Leu Numismatik AG (leunumismatik.com), from the auction listing.
map
Main map (Achaemenid satrapies): “Map of Achaemenid Imperial Satraps
(English Version)” by M.r ebrahim zadeh (Wikimedia Commons),
File:Map of Achaemenid Imperial Satraps (English Version).png — released by
the author into the public domain and additionally licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Achaemenid_Imperial_Satraps_(English_Version).png;
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The base map was
compiled from Atlas Antiquus (Justus Perthes, 1909) and the “Achaemenid
Satrapies” article in Encyclopaedia Iranica. Modified by JSB Coins: a red
square has been added to mark the position of Sardes. This derivative is
shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.
map “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from William R. Shepherd, The
Historical Atlas (1923). Public domain (author died 1934); house copy
of the plate. Modified by JSB Coins: cropped to western Asia Minor,
and a red circle added to mark Sardes.
map “Map of the Kingdom of Macedon at the death of Philip II in 336 BC” by
Marsyas (French original), Kordas (Spanish translation), and
MinisterForBadTimes (English derivative), Wikimedia Commons,
File:Map Macedonia 336 BC-en.svg, licensed CC BY-SA 3.0
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_Macedonia_336_BC-en.svg;
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/); map data
from R. Ginouvès et al., La Macédoine (Paris, 1992). Modified by JSB
Coins: rendered to PNG at 2560 px, and a red circle added to mark
Pella. This derivative is shared under the same CC BY-SA 3.0 license.
map “Reference Map of Ancient Greece, Northern Part,” from William R.
Shepherd, Historical Atlas (1926 edition) — public domain; scan from
the Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection. Courtesy of the University
of Texas Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin
(https://maps.lib.utexas.edu/). Modified by JSB Coins: cropped to
Macedonia and the Chalcidice, and a red circle added to mark Amphipolis.
map “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from William R. Shepherd,
The Historical Atlas (1923), via Wikimedia Commons,
File:Asia minor-Shepherd 1923.JPG
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923.JPG).
Public domain (author died 1934); credited as a courtesy. Modified by
JSB Coins: a red circle added to mark Amisos.
croesus to colossus timeline Graphic: JSB Coins, 2026 (CC0).
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), from the auction listing. To be replaced by the owner’s own photographs when the coin arrives.
map “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from William R. Shepherd, The
Historical Atlas (1923), via Wikimedia Commons, File:Asia minor-Shepherd
1923.JPG (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923.JPG).
Public domain (author died 1934). No attribution legally required; credited
as a courtesy. Modified by JSB Coins: a red circle added to mark Antioch.
The Syria inset is a crop of the same plate (File:Asia minor-Shepherd 1923
Syria.jpg), reproduced unmodified.
awmc diocletian constantine Ancient World Mapping Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2011). Trimmed to the plate; licensed CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
map “Reference Map of Ancient Greece, Southern Part” by William R. Shepherd,
Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1923 and later printings), public
domain; via Wikimedia Commons, File:Ancient greece so 1926.jpg (scan via
the Perry-Castañeda Library, University of Texas). Red circle added to
mark Patrae (same derivative as used on the LEG III page).
republic last century timeline Graphic: JSB Coins, 2026 (CC0).
ahenobarbus census frieze Photo by Jastrow, Wikimedia Commons, released into the public domain by the photographer; reproduced unmodified.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), from the auction listing.
map
Main map (1791): “Greece, Archipelago and part of Anadoli” by Louis
Stanislas d’Arcy Delarochette (engraved by W. Palmer; published for William
Faden, Geographer to the King, London, 1791), in the public domain
(PD-old-100; published before 1931). File:Map of Greece, Archipelago and part
of Anadoli; Louis Stanislas d’Arcy Delarochette 1791.jpg
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Greece,_Archipelago_and_part_of_Anadoli;_Louis_Stanislas_d%27Arcy_Delarochette_1791.jpg).
Modified by JSB Coins: a red square marks the position of Athens. No
attribution is legally required for a public-domain work; the source is
credited here as a courtesy.
Main map (1791): “Greece, Archipelago and part of Anadoli” by Louis
Stanislas d’Arcy Delarochette (engraved by W. Palmer; published for William
Faden, Geographer to the King, London, 1791), in the public domain
(PD-old-100; published before 1931). File:Map of Greece, Archipelago and part
of Anadoli; Louis Stanislas d’Arcy Delarochette 1791.jpg
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Greece,_Archipelago_and_part_of_Anadoli;_Louis_Stanislas_d%27Arcy_Delarochette_1791.jpg).
Modified by JSB Coins: a red square marks the position of Athens. No
attribution is legally required for a public-domain work; the source is
credited here as a courtesy.
obverse Image: NGC PhotoVision (NGCcoin.com) via Heritage Auctions (HA.com), lot 61541-25093.
reverse Image: NGC PhotoVision (NGCcoin.com) via Heritage Auctions (HA.com), lot 61541-25093.
mapMain map (the 1791 plate).
“Greece, Archipelago and part of Anadoli” by Louis Stanislas d’Arcy
Delarochette (engraved by W. Palmer; published for William Faden,
Geographer to the King, London, 1791), in the public domain (PD-old-100;
published before 1931). File:Map of Greece, Archipelago and part of Anadoli;
Louis Stanislas d’Arcy Delarochette 1791.jpg
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Greece,_Archipelago_and_part_of_Anadoli;_Louis_Stanislas_d%27Arcy_Delarochette_1791.jpg).
Reproduced from the collection’s existing marked copy, in which a red square
was added at Athens; a red circle marking Delos was added for this page
(2026-09-01), matching the square’s weight and its white inner ring. No
other modification. The second map below it is a different work, credited in
its own caption.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), from the auction listing.
map “Greece, Archipelago and part of Anadoli” by Louis Stanislas d’Arcy
Delarochette (engraved by W. Palmer; published for William Faden,
Geographer to the King, London, 1791), in the public domain
(PD-old-100; published before 1931). File:Map of Greece, Archipelago and
part of Anadoli; Louis Stanislas d’Arcy Delarochette 1791.jpg
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Greece,_Archipelago_and_part_of_Anadoli;_Louis_Stanislas_d%27Arcy_Delarochette_1791.jpg).
Modified by JSB Coins: a red square marks the position of Athens (same
marked house copy as the classical owl tetradrachm page). No attribution
is legally required for a public-domain work; the source is credited here
as a courtesy.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), used courtesy of CNG.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), used courtesy of CNG.
map “Reference Map of the European Provinces of the Roman Empire” by William
R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1926 printing), public
domain; via Wikimedia Commons, File:European Provinces of the Roman
Empire.jpg (scan via the Perry-Castañeda Library, University of Texas).
Red circle added to mark Lugdunum.
boscoreale triumph tiberius public domain (Wikimedia Commons); reproduced unmodified.
map “Reference Map of the European Provinces of the Roman Empire” by William
R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1926 printing), public
domain; via Wikimedia Commons, File:European Provinces of the Roman
Empire.jpg (scan via the Perry-Castañeda Library, University of Texas).
Red circle added to mark Lugdunum.
map “Reference Map of the European Provinces of the Roman Empire” by William
R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1926 printing), public
domain; via Wikimedia Commons, File:European Provinces of the Roman
Empire.jpg (scan via the Perry-Castañeda Library, University of Texas).
Red circle added to mark Serdica.
map “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from William R. Shepherd,
The Historical Atlas (1923), via Wikimedia Commons,
File:Asia minor-Shepherd 1923.JPG
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923.JPG).
Public domain (author died 1934); credited as a courtesy. Modified by
JSB Coins: a red circle added to mark Byzantium (Byzantion).
croesus to colossus timeline Graphic: JSB Coins, 2026 (CC0).
bosporus from orbit NASA astronaut photograph ISS008-E-21752, public domain (Wikimedia Commons); reproduced unmodified.
obverse Image: Heritage Auctions (HA.com), lot 61636-21254.
reverse Image: Heritage Auctions (HA.com), lot 61636-21254.
map “Palestine under Roman Procurators, 6-41 and 44-70 A.D.” from George Adam
Smith, Atlas of the Historical Geography of the Holy Land (1915).
Public domain (published 1915; author died 1942).
Wikimedia Commons:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_under_Roman_Procurators_(Smith,_1915).jpg
MODIFIED: two red rings added by this catalogue, one on Caesarea and one
on Jerusalem. The unmarked original is kept at
maps/Palestine_under_Roman_Procurators_Smith_1915.jpg.
second map Map by Tom Elliott for the Ancient World Mapping Center, University of North Carolina (2003). Trimmed to the plate; licensed CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), from the auction listing. To be replaced by the owner’s own photographs when the coin arrives.
map “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” (the Syria inset of the plate)
from William R. Shepherd, The Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1923),
via Wikimedia Commons, File:Asia minor-Shepherd 1923.JPG
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923.JPG).
Public domain (author died 1934); no attribution legally required,
credited as a courtesy. Modified by JSB Coins: one red ring added to mark
Carrhae, drawn on a clean copy of the inset — house rule is never to add a
second marker to a copy already ringed for another type, and this plate is
already ringed at Antioch for the Nero tetradrachm. The inset image is a
crop of the same file, otherwise unmodified. The unmarked original is kept
at maps/Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923_Syria-inset.jpg.
awmc diocletian constantine Ancient World Mapping Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2011). Trimmed to the plate; licensed CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
map “Map of Carthage around 300 B.C.” by Uwe Dedering (Wikimedia Commons),
File:Carthage 300BC map.svg, licensed CC BY-SA 3.0
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Carthage_300BC_map.svg;
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). Modified by
JSB Coins: rendered from SVG to PNG at 2560 px, and a red circle added
to mark Carthage (same derivative as used on the collection’s Æ unit
page). This derivative is shared under the same CC BY-SA 3.0 license.
byrsa punic quarter Photo by BishkekRocks (Wikimedia Commons), released into the public domain.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), used courtesy of CNG.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), used courtesy of CNG.
map The Africa plate from Samuel Butler, The Atlas of Ancient and Classical
Geography, Ernest Rhys ed. (Everyman’s Library, J. M. Dent, 1907). Public
domain — published 1907, and Butler died in 1902. Scan via Wikimedia
Commons, Category:The Atlas of Ancient and Classical Geography by Samuel
Butler
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Atlas_of_Ancient_and_Classical_Geography_by_Samuel_Butler).
The exact Commons file page for this individual plate has not been pinned
down and should be, so that the credit points at the file rather than the
category. Modified by JSB Coins: one red ring added to mark Carthago; the
inset is a crop of the same plate, otherwise unmodified. The unmarked
original is kept at maps/Africa_Antiqua_Butler_1907.jpg.
map “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from William R. Shepherd,
The Historical Atlas (1923). Public domain (author died 1934); house
copy of the plate. Modified by JSB Coins: cropped to Cyprus and the
eastern Mediterranean, and a red circle added to mark Paphos.
successor kingdoms timeline Graphic: JSB Coins, 2026 (CC0).
map “Reference Map of the European Provinces of the Roman Empire” by William
R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1926 printing), public
domain; via Wikimedia Commons, File:European Provinces of the Roman
Empire.jpg (scan via the Perry-Castañeda Library, University of Texas).
Red circle added to mark Londinium.
map “Reference Map of the European Provinces of the Roman Empire” by William
R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1926 printing), public
domain; via Wikimedia Commons, File:European Provinces of the Roman
Empire.jpg (scan via the Perry-Castañeda Library, University of Texas).
Red circle added to mark Lugdunum (the same marked copy used for the
collection’s Tiberius denarius).
fall of the west timeline Graphic: JSB Coins (CC0).
awmc diocletian constantine Ancient World Mapping Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2011). Trimmed to the plate; licensed CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), used courtesy of CNG.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), used courtesy of CNG.
map Map by Tom Elliott
for the Ancient World Mapping Center, University of North Carolina (2003). Trimmed to
the plate; licensed CC BY-SA 4.0,
via Wikimedia Commons.
croesus to colossus timeline Graphic: JSB Coins, 2026 (CC0).
horus nectanebo Photo: Keith Schengili-Roberts, CC BY-SA 2.5 (Wikimedia Commons); reproduced unmodified.
antonine century timeline Graphic: JSB Coins (CC0).
second map Map by Tom Elliott for the Ancient World Mapping Center, University of North Carolina (2003). Trimmed to the plate; licensed CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
map “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from William R. Shepherd, The
Historical Atlas (1923), via Wikimedia Commons, File:Asia
minor-Shepherd 1923.JPG
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923.JPG).
Public domain (author died 1934); credited as a courtesy. Modified by
JSB Coins: a red circle added to mark Cyzicus (the same marked copy
used for the collection’s Kyzikos electrum hekte and hemiobol).
honorius diptych photograph of the ivory, public domain via Wikimedia Commons
fall of the west timeline Graphic: JSB Coins (CC0).
second map Map by Tom Elliott for the Ancient World Mapping Center, University of North Carolina (2003). Trimmed to the plate; licensed CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
arch of titus spoils Photo: Steerpike, CC BY 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons); reproduced unmodified.
map William R. Shepherd, “Reference Map of Asia Minor under the Greeks and
Romans,” Historical Atlas (New York 1923) — public domain; detail of the
Syrian coast. Red circle marking Laodicea ad Mare added.
related image Image: MARS VLTOR GmbH, Vienna, from the auction listing. To be replaced by the owner’s own photographs when the coin arrives.
map “Map of Augustan Regio I Latium et Campania” by Tomisti (Wikimedia
Commons), File:Regio I Latium et Campania map.svg, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0;
cities and roads based on the Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire (DARE)
and Pleiades; topographic base (c) OpenMapTiles, (c) OpenStreetMap
contributors. Reproduced unmodified.
related image Image: MARS VLTOR GmbH, Vienna, from the auction listing. To be replaced by the owner’s own photographs when the coin arrives.
map “Reference Map of the European Provinces of the Roman Empire” by William
R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1926 printing), public
domain; via Wikimedia Commons, File:European Provinces of the Roman
Empire.jpg (scan via the Perry-Castaneda Library, University of Texas).
Red circle added to mark Sirmium.
map “Reference Map of Ancient Greece, Northern Part,” from William R.
Shepherd, Historical Atlas (1926 edition) — public domain; scan from
the Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection. Courtesy of the University
of Texas Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin
(https://maps.lib.utexas.edu/). Modified by JSB Coins: cropped to
Thessaly, and a red circle added to mark Crannon (Krannon).
bronze hydria met Image courtesy of the Met’s Open Access program (Wikimedia Commons, CC0); reproduced unmodified.
map “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from William R. Shepherd, The
Historical Atlas (1923), via Wikimedia Commons, File:Asia
minor-Shepherd 1923.JPG
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923.JPG).
Public domain (author died 1934); credited as a courtesy. Modified by
JSB Coins: a red circle added to mark Cyzicus (the same marked copy
used for the collection’s Kyzikos electrum hekte).
“Map showing the Greek world during the Greco-Persian Wars (ca. 500–479 BC)”
by Bibi Saint-Pol (Wikimedia Commons), File:Map Greco-Persian Wars-en.svg,
licensed CC BY-SA 3.0
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_Greco-Persian_Wars-en.svg;
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). Modified by JSB
Coins: rasterized from SVG to PNG, and a red circle added to mark Kyzikos
(Cyzicus). This derivative is shared under the same CC BY-SA 3.0 license.
Second map (Asia Minor): “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from
William R. Shepherd, The Historical Atlas (1923), via Wikimedia Commons,
File:Asia minor-Shepherd 1923.JPG
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923.JPG).
Public domain (author died 1934); credited as a courtesy. Modified by JSB
Coins: a red circle added to mark Cyzicus.
bluefin tuna school Photo: Danilo Cedrone, UN FAO / NOAA photo library, public domain (Wikimedia Commons); reproduced unmodified.
mapMain map: “Reference Map of Ancient Greece, Northern Part,” from
William R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (1926 edition) — public domain;
scan from the Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection. Courtesy of the
University of Texas Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin
(https://maps.lib.utexas.edu/). Modified by JSB Coins: cropped to
Thessaly, and a red circle added to mark Larissa.
Second map: “Map showing the Greek world during the Greco-Persian
Wars (ca. 500–479 BC)” by Bibi Saint-Pol (Wikimedia Commons),
File:Map Greco-Persian Wars-en.svg, licensed CC BY-SA 3.0
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_Greco-Persian_Wars-en.svg;
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). Modified by
JSB Coins: rasterized from SVG to PNG, and a red circle added to mark
Larissa. This derivative is shared under the same CC BY-SA 3.0 license.
second map Map by Bibi Saint-Pol (Wikimedia Commons), CC BY-SA 3.0; red circle added.
obverse Image: Heritage World Coin Auctions (HA.com) / NGC, lot 61635-23253.
related image Image: Heritage World Coin Auctions, from the auction listing.
reverse Image: Heritage World Coin Auctions (HA.com) / NGC, lot 61635-23253.
map “Reference Map of the European Provinces of the Roman Empire” by William
R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1926 printing), public
domain (author died 1934); via Wikimedia Commons, File:European Provinces
of the Roman Empire.jpg (scan via the Perry-Castañeda Library, University
of Texas)
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:European_Provinces_of_the_Roman_Empire.jpg).
Modified by JSB Coins: one red ring added to mark Thessalonica, drawn on a
clean copy of the plate — house rule is never to add a second marker to a
copy already ringed for another type, and this plate is already ringed at
Londinium for the Constantine follis. The inset is a crop of the same
plate, otherwise unmodified. The unmarked original is kept at
maps/European_Provinces_of_the_Roman_Empire.jpg.
awmc diocletian constantine Ancient World Mapping Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2011). Trimmed to the plate; licensed CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
fall of the west timeline Graphic: JSB Coins, 2026 (CC0).
Second map (Achaemenid satrapies): “Map of Achaemenid Imperial Satraps
(English Version)” by M.r ebrahim zadeh (Wikimedia Commons),
File:Map of Achaemenid Imperial Satraps (English Version).png — released by
the author into the public domain and additionally licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Achaemenid_Imperial_Satraps_(English_Version).png;
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The base map was
compiled from Atlas Antiquus (Justus Perthes, 1909) and the “Achaemenid
Satrapies” article in Encyclopaedia Iranica. Modified by JSB Coins: a red
square has been added to mark the position of Sardes. This derivative is
shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.
birth of coinage timeline Graphic: JSB Coins (CC0).
second map Map by M.r ebrahim zadeh (Wikimedia Commons), public domain / CC BY-SA 4.0; Sardes marker added by JSB Coins.
Second map (Achaemenid satrapies): “Map of Achaemenid Imperial Satraps
(English Version)” by M.r ebrahim zadeh (Wikimedia Commons),
File:Map of Achaemenid Imperial Satraps (English Version).png — released by
the author into the public domain and additionally licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Achaemenid_Imperial_Satraps_(English_Version).png;
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The base map was
compiled from Atlas Antiquus (Justus Perthes, 1909) and the “Achaemenid
Satrapies” article in Encyclopaedia Iranica. Modified by JSB Coins: a red
square has been added to mark the position of Sardes. This derivative is
shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.
birth of coinage timeline Graphic: JSB Coins (CC0).
map “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from William R. Shepherd,
The Historical Atlas (1923), via Wikimedia Commons,
File:Asia minor-Shepherd 1923.JPG
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923.JPG).
Public domain (author died 1934); credited as a courtesy. Modified by
JSB Coins: cropped to Thrace, the Propontis, and the Hellespont, and a
red circle added to mark Lysimacheia.
successor kingdoms timeline Graphic: JSB Coins, 2026 (CC0).
lysimachos ephesus head Photo: Zde, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons); reproduced unmodified.
map “Reference Map of Ancient Greece, Northern Part,” from William R.
Shepherd, Historical Atlas (1926 edition) — public domain; scan from
the Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection. Courtesy of the University
of Texas Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin
(https://maps.lib.utexas.edu/). Modified by JSB Coins: cropped to
Macedonia and the Chalcidice, and a red circle added to mark Amphipolis.
successor kingdoms timeline Graphic: JSB Coins, 2026 (CC0).
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), from the auction listing. To be replaced by the owner’s own photographs when the coin arrives.
map “Reference Map of the European Provinces of the Roman Empire” by William
R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1926 printing), public
domain; via Wikimedia Commons, File:European Provinces of the Roman
Empire.jpg (scan via the Perry-Castañeda Library, University of Texas).
Red circle added to mark Arelate.
fall of the west timeline Graphic: JSB Coins (CC0).
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), from the auction listing.
map “Reference Map of Ancient Greece, Southern Part” by William R. Shepherd,
Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1923 and later printings), public
domain; via Wikimedia Commons, File:Ancient greece so 1926.jpg (scan via
the Perry-Castañeda Library, University of Texas). Red circle added to
mark Patrae.
republic last century timeline Graphic: JSB Coins, 2026 (CC0).
map “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from William R. Shepherd, The
Historical Atlas (1923), via Wikimedia Commons, File:Asia
minor-Shepherd 1923.JPG
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923.JPG).
Public domain (author died 1934); credited as a courtesy. Red circle
marking Cyzicus added (shared with the collection’s other Kyzikos types).
fall of the west timeline Graphic: JSB Coins (CC0).
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), from the auction listing.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com).
map
Base map: “Map of Achaemenid Imperial Satraps (English Version)” by
M.r ebrahim zadeh (Wikimedia Commons), File:Map of Achaemenid Imperial
Satraps (English Version).png — released by the author into the public domain
and additionally licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Achaemenid_Imperial_Satraps_(English_Version).png;
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The base map was
compiled from Atlas Antiquus (Justus Perthes, 1909) and the “Achaemenid
Satrapies” article in Encyclopaedia Iranica. Modified by JSB Coins: a red
square has been added to mark the position of Tarsos. This derivative is
shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Second map (Asia Minor): “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from
William R. Shepherd, The Historical Atlas (1923), via Wikimedia Commons,
File:Asia minor-Shepherd 1923.JPG
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923.JPG).
Public domain (author died 1934); credited as a courtesy. Modified by JSB
Coins: a red circle added to mark Tarsus.
croesus to colossus timeline Graphic: JSB Coins, 2026 (CC0).
cilician gates Photo: Teogomez, public domain (Wikimedia Commons); reproduced unmodified.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), used courtesy of CNG.
map “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from William R. Shepherd, The
Historical Atlas (1923), via Wikimedia Commons, File:Asia minor-Shepherd
1923.JPG (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923.JPG).
Public domain (author died 1934). No attribution legally required; credited
as a courtesy. Modified by JSB Coins: a red circle added to mark Antioch.
The Syria inset is a crop of the same plate (File:Asia minor-Shepherd 1923
Syria.jpg), reproduced unmodified.
awmc diocletian constantine Ancient World Mapping Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2011). Trimmed to the plate; licensed CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
nero recut as vespasian Photo: Jamie Heath, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons); reproduced unmodified.
map “Reference Map of Ancient Greece, Northern Part,” from William R.
Shepherd, Historical Atlas (1926 edition) — public domain; scan from
the Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection. Courtesy of the University
of Texas Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin
(https://maps.lib.utexas.edu/). Modified by JSB Coins: cropped to
Thessaly, and a red circle added to mark Pharsalos.
related image Image: Forum Ancient Coins (forumancientcoins.com).
related image Image: Forum Ancient Coins (forumancientcoins.com).
map “Map of the Kingdom of Macedon at the death of Philip II in 336 BC” by
Marsyas (French original), Kordas (Spanish translation), and
MinisterForBadTimes (English derivative), Wikimedia Commons,
File:Map Macedonia 336 BC-en.svg, licensed CC BY-SA 3.0
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_Macedonia_336_BC-en.svg;
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/); map data
from R. Ginouvès et al., La Macédoine (Paris, 1992). Modified by JSB
Coins: rendered to PNG at 2560 px, and a red circle added to mark
Pella. This derivative is shared under the same CC BY-SA 3.0 license.
map “Reference Map of Ancient Greece, Southern Part” by William R. Shepherd,
Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1923 and later printings), public
domain; via Wikimedia Commons, File:Ancient greece so 1926.jpg (scan via
the Perry-Castañeda Library, University of Texas). Red circle added to
mark Delphi.
obverse Image: NGC PhotoVision (NGCcoin.com) via Heritage Auctions (HA.com), lot 61636-21118.
reverse Image: NGC PhotoVision (NGCcoin.com) via Heritage Auctions (HA.com), lot 61636-21118.
map “Palestine under Roman Procurators, 6-41 and 44-70 A.D.” from George Adam
Smith, Atlas of the Historical Geography of the Holy Land (1915). Public
domain (published 1915; the author died 1942). Wikimedia Commons:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_under_Roman_Procurators_(Smith,_1915).jpg
MODIFIED: two red rings added by this catalogue, one on Jerusalem and one on
Caesarea. The unmarked original is kept at
maps/Palestine_under_Roman_Procurators_Smith_1915.jpg.
second map Map by Tom Elliott for the Ancient World Mapping Center, University of North Carolina (2003). Trimmed to the plate; licensed CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
map Base map by Cattette (Wikimedia Commons), “Seleucid Empire
alternative map” (extracted from “The Hellenistic World in late 281
BC”), File:Seleucid Empire alternative map.jpg, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seleucid_Empire_alternative_map.jpg;
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Modified by
JSB Coins: cropped to the eastern Mediterranean, and a red circle
added to mark Alexandria. This derivative is shared under the same
CC BY-SA 4.0 license.
successor kingdoms timeline Graphic: JSB Coins, 2026 (CC0).
second map Map by Tom Elliott for the Ancient World Mapping Center, University of North Carolina (2003). Trimmed to the plate; licensed CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
ptolemy iii vatican Photo: Gary Todd, public domain (Wikimedia Commons); reproduced unmodified.
map “Asia Minor under the Greeks and Romans” from William R. Shepherd,
The Historical Atlas (1923), via Wikimedia Commons,
File:Asia minor-Shepherd 1923.JPG
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_minor-Shepherd_1923.JPG).
Public domain (author died 1934); credited as a courtesy. Modified by
JSB Coins: a red circle added to mark the city of Rhodes.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com), from the auction listing.
related image Image: Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (cngcoins.com).
map Base map by Cattette (Wikimedia Commons), “Seleucid Empire alternative
map” (extracted from “The Hellenistic World in late 281 BC”),
File:Seleucid Empire alternative map.jpg, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seleucid_Empire_alternative_map.jpg;
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/).
Modified by JSB Coins: on the main map, Susa circled; the inset is an enlarged
crop of the Susa region from the same base map. This derivative is shared
under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.
successor kingdoms timeline Graphic: JSB Coins, 2026 (CC0).
seleukos naples bronze Photo: Allan Gluck, CC BY 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons); reproduced unmodified.
map “Reference Map of Ancient Greece, Southern Part” by William R. Shepherd,
Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1923 and later printings), public
domain; via Wikimedia Commons, File:Ancient greece so 1926.jpg (scan via
the Perry-Castañeda Library, University of Texas). Red circle added to
mark Thebes.
map “Reference Map of Ancient Greece, Northern Part,” from William R.
Shepherd, Historical Atlas (1926 edition) — public domain; scan from
the Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection. Courtesy of the University
of Texas Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin
(https://maps.lib.utexas.edu/). Modified by JSB Coins: cropped to
Thessaly, and a red circle added to mark Larissa.
map “Reference Map of the European Provinces of the Roman Empire” by William
R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (Henry Holt & Co., 1926 printing), public
domain; via Wikimedia Commons, File:European Provinces of the Roman
Empire.jpg (scan via the Perry-Castañeda Library, University of Texas).
Red circle added to mark Lugdunum.
livia bust getty Image courtesy of the Getty’s Open Content Program (Wikimedia Commons, CC0); reproduced unmodified.
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